基于GIS的中国农牧交错带的计算和模拟

GIS description of the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry

以牧草生长的适宜度模型为依据,选取了9个生态因子,通过层次分析法和模糊集合理论建立了农牧交错带生态因子评定模型,并利用GIS技术对农牧交错带进行空间计算,模拟出农牧交错带的地理分布,对中国农牧交错带的地理分布进行了较为细致的表述。结果表明:中国农牧交错带分布是沿胡焕庸所提出的人口分界线(黑龙江省的黑河—云南省的腾冲)走向的一条狭长地带,涉及黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古、辽宁、河北、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、四川、云南、西藏等13个省(区)的234个县(市、旗),总面积813459.06km^2。

Firstly, nine ecological factors correlating with the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry have been selected in this study. Secondly, the ecological factors evaluating models about the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry have been established by the suitability model for the forage growth, analytic hierarchy process（AHP） and fuzzy set theory. Finally, the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry was computed by CIS. The geographic distribution of the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry was simulated using the spatial computation of the evaluating models which are established by the ecological factors. Ultimately the geographic distribution about the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry is described in detail. The results show that the distribution of the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry is a narrow strip along the population boundary （Heihe in Heilongjiang Province - Tengchong in Yunnan Province） proposed by Hu Huan-yong. It includes 234 counties of 13 Provinces （Regions）： Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Cansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet, whose total area is 813 459.06 km^2.