产业结构与就业结构关系失衡的实证分析

Empirical Analysis on the Relationship Imbalance between Industrial Structure and Employment Structure

一般的经验分析与发达国家的经济实践已经证明,产业结构与就业结构的变动关系是较为一致的,工业化的过程既是产业结构的比重优势由第一产业向第二产业、再由第二产业向第三次产业的演替过程,同时也是劳动力资源在产业间依次转移的过程,并最终达到经济均衡。结合一般经验与国际比较,并对比较劳动生产率、结构偏离度进行实证分析的结果表明,我国产业结构与就业结构的变动关系处于失衡状态,就业结构变动显著滞后于产业结构变动,而且劳动力的产业转移具有超越第二产业、直接向第三产业转移的特征。产业结构与就业结构失衡的原因在于发展战略与经济政策、投资与消费关系的失衡以及受到技术进步的影响。

he change of industrial structure is with the change of employment structure and the process of industrialization is the process of adjusting the resource of labors to the most suitable situation. But the empirical analysis shows that the relationship between industrial structure and employment structure is imbalanced, and the author puts forward some suggestion.