神经外科重症患者术后早期胃肠内营养预防消化道出血的护理

Intensive nursing of neurosurgical severe patients with early enteral nutritional support in prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding

目的:研究早期胃肠内营养支持护理对神经外科重症患者术后消化道出血的预防作用。方法:将158例神经外科重症术后患者通过随机数字表法分为2组,对照组78例常规术后防治上消化道出血,观察组80例在此基础上(不用碱性药中和胃酸),于手术后12h予胃肠内能全力等营养支持。测试2组患者术后上消化道出血、首次出血发生率及患者胃液pH值。结果:观察组患者上消化道出血发生率及首次出血发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);胃液pH<4.0的患者中,对照组占74.3%,观察组占18.75%。结论:早期胃肠道营养支持护理对神经外科重症患者术后上消化道出血的发生有较好的预防作用。

Objective To research early enteral nutrition support nursing in the prevention of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding in neurosurgleal severe patients. Method 158 eases of severe postoperative neurosurgieal patients through random number table were divided into two groups, the eon.trol group （ n = 78 ） was given the conventional postoperative upper gastrointestinal bleeding prevention, and the observation group （n = 80） was given full enteral nutritional support 12 hours after surgery on the basis of conventional nursing （alkaline drugs didn1 used to neutralize gastric juice）. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and first hemorrhage rate, also pH value of gastric juice after operation were tested in the two groups. Results The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and first hemorrhage rate in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Patients in the control group with pH value of gastric juice below 4.0 counted for 74.3%, and 18.75% in the observation group. Conclusion Early enteral nutrition support nursing can well prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding of neurosurgieal severe patients.