单音节外来语素在当代新词构造中的应用及对现代汉语的影响

INITIAL STUDY OF APPLICATION OF MONOSYLLABIC LOAN-MORPHEME IN CREATION OF NEOLOGISMS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON MODERN CHINESE

新词的大量产生是当代汉语发展中最引人注目的现象之一,而单音节外来语素的形成和在当代新词构造中的应用,也逐渐得到人们的承认,本文从三个方面对这一现象作了详细的分析讨论:第一,从来源和形式、组合功能、性质和表意等方面为单音节外来语素分类,并在此基础上分析单音节外来语素参与构造新词的构词方式和造词方式。第二,考察单音节外来语素意义的形成和发展变化。第三,认为单音节外未语素参与新词构造是一种语言变异现象,并分析其与社会各方面的联系,在此基础上提出了自己对语言规范的认识。文章提出:一方面,单音节外来语素形成并参与当代新词构造符合汉语的语言规律,是汉语同化外来语言成分的重要途径;另一方面,这一现象也对现代汉语发展产生了积极的影响。总之,单音节外来语素参与当代新词构造,是语言接触过程中发生的语言变异,是一种“积极”的、有生命力的语言现象。

The large quantity of production of the neologisms is one of the most noticeable phenomena in the development of contemporary Chinese. The forming of monosyllabic loan-morpheme is plain and its application in the creation of contemporary neologisms is generally accepted. The thesis is divided into three major parts： First, on the fiasis of classification from such respects as the source, form, function and meaning, research into the structure and the method of the word-building of the neologisms in which the monosyllabic loan-morphemes applied. Second, investigate the forming and development of meaning of the monosyllabic loan-morphemes. Third, think the application of monosyllabic loan-morpheme in neologisms is one kind of phenomena of linguistic variation , and analyze its connection with the society of various fields on which proposed one＇s own understanding of normal of the language. The article proposes ： On one hand, the application of monosyllabic loan-morpheme in the creation of neologisms accords with the law of Chinese, and it is an important way of Chinese assimilating loan-words. On the other hand, this phenomenon has a positive impact on modem Chinese development. In a word, the application of monosyllabic loan-morpheme in the creation of neologisms is a kind of positive linguistic variation and a linguistic phenomenon.