对“无罪推定原则”的辨析

RENAMING THE PRINCIPLE OF PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE IN CHINA

长期以来我国学界通称的“无罪推定原则”戴着假面具,造成了理论的混乱和实践的困惑。为消除混乱和困惑,应尽快彻底摘除其假面具,还之以“无罪假定原则”的真面目,以更好地发挥理论对实践的指导作用。无罪假定原则的价值在于警示追诉者不要冤枉人。酌定不起诉是无罪假定原则的例外。无罪假定原则并不排斥必要的适当的有罪推定和无罪推定。真正的无罪推定原则是:对不能证明有罪的被追诉者,应当推定无罪。

The principle of presumption of innocence in English should be translated into Chinese as “无非假定原则” instead of “无非假定原则”. In fact,“无非假定原则”,the false name of the principle of presumption of inno- cenee in many Chinese books should be replaced by“无非假定原则”as quickly as possible to make it more reason- able and more effective. The principle of presumption of innocence doesn＇ t exclude presumption of innocence or presumption of guilty. The prosecutor′s discretion not to accuse someone is an exception to the principle.