气溶胶在雪面干沉积研究进展

Review of the Dry Deposition on Snow Surface

气溶胶在雪面干沉积作用的量化描述一般采用其干沉降速度,它是指气溶胶从大气中消失之前的沉降末速度.估算气溶胶干沉降速度是评价气溶胶在大气中滞留时间长短的重要依据,而气溶胶在大气中滞留时间的长短会对气候造成影响.回顾了气溶胶在冰雪环境下干沉降速度的理论研究,重点阐述了近年来气溶胶在冰雪面上干沉降速度的研究进展,并指出了气溶胶在冰雪面上干沉降速度测量的难点和模型方面的缺陷.在冰雪界面上,以气溶胶沉降到冰雪面为例的设计模型认为,融化冰雪面存在液泡水膜与否会对化学元素的干沉降速度造成影响.

The dry deposition of gas and particle is the last deposition before the gas and particle disappearing from the atmosphere. Estimating the dry deposition velocities of gas and particle can evaluate the time of the aerosol conserving in the atmosphere, which will affect the global climate change. In this paper, the theories about the deposition of gas and particle in different environments are reviews. The progress in research on the dry deposition velocities of gas and particle on snow and ice is also expounded. The advantage and dis- advantage of using ice cores to recover the aerosol deposition variation in the ancient atmosphere are pointed out. For numerical prediction, a dynamic chemical model is developed to explain air-snow exchange of gas and particle. The relation between the melting snow and the aerosol deposition change is also discussed in the model.