与介词“把”“给”相关的错位结构的动态解析

Dynamic Parsing of Displacement Relevant to Chinese Prepositions "Ba(把)" and "Gei(给)"

汉语介词"把"和"给"可以把句子的宾语提升到动词前,从而产生错位结构。但是,这种移位受到一定的句法限制,而且移位后在原位是否出现复指代词也受到限制。本文在动态句法学理论框架基础上,定义了介词"把"和"给"的词项行为,提出了这两个介词使用的必要条件,构建了相关的解析模型并在介词解析模型中解释了与介词相关的错位结构所受的限制以及复指代词隐现的问题。

Prepositions ＂Ba（把） ＂ and ＂Gei（给）＂ in Chinese can trigger an object to move to the left of a predicate verb, resulting in displacement structures. However, the movement is subject to certain syntactic constraints. Besides, a resumptive pronoun may occur or not be allowed in the original position of the moved object. Under the framework of dynamic syntax, the present paper defines the lexical actions of the two prepositions and the necessary conditions for their use, which are part of the parsing model of Chinese prepositions. Finally, we give a principled explanation for the constraints over preposition-related displacement and the problem of presence and absence of resumptive pronouns in the displacment structures.