中国资本和劳动力匹配状况分析:1978—2006

Analysis on Matching State of Capital and Labor in China:1978～2006

本文针对现实经济中资本与劳动力匹配可能会出现的5种情形，从新古典经济学的框架下推导了厂商在完全竞争环境下的资本劳动力理想最佳配比值形式，并以此为对照标准，分析了经济中资本劳动力现实匹配与理想匹配差距对要素配置可能产生的影响。接着本文详细讨论了对有关参数值进行了估算的过程中可能会出现的问题。最后我们利用中国1978～2006年阃的数据对相关参数值进行了估算，通过计算我们得到了在此期间资本劳动力近似理想配比值和现实配比值的结果，根据此结果我们结合中国转型时期的特点对资本劳动力匹配状况进行了初步解释。

Based on five states that would be arisen in the matching of labor and capital in an economic, This paper analyzed the ideal matching term of capital and labor under the condition of which manufacturers are in the environment of complete competition, then analyzed influence to collocation of investment factors that would come into being because of the gap of real matching and ideal matching of capital and labor in an economic. This paper then discussed the problems that could arise in course of estimating the value of related parameters. Finally we estimated the values of the related parameters in virtue of Chinese data in years of 1978 to 2003, and then calculate the values of real matching and ideal matching of capital and labor during this time. Based on the above results and Chinese characters during transition time, we explained why the matching states of capital and labor have arisen.