试论指导性案例的“指导性”

On the Guidance of the Guiding Gases

指导性意味着权威性和一般性;指导性案例目前在我国其实是一种非正式意义上的法律渊源,作为一种法律渊源它既具有形式合法性,也具有实质合法性。作为非正式的法律渊源,它具有辅助性,即效力上的说服性和参考性、功能上的从属性、效力位阶上的次级性和产生方法的有限性。为了保证指导性案例的指导性,需要从内容与形式两个方面来确定选择指导性案例,注重判决中所确立的法律观点或对有关问题的法律解决方案以及对该观点或该方案的法律论证;应当采用"一元、二级、多层次"的案例制作、确定与选择体制,编辑出版新型的具有统一性、普遍性、系统性和便利性的指导性案例汇编;应当鼓励、引导对指导性案例的规范性使用。

Guidance means authority and generality; the current guiding cases are actually one of the Chinese informal legal sources which has both legality and legitimacy. It is secondary as an informal legal source. The characteristics of such secondariness are persuasion and reference in terms of its validity, functional assistance and secondariness in the hierarchy of the legal sources and the limitation of its making. It is necessary to select the guiding cases from the perspectives of both form and content and to pay attention to the legal opinion, legal solution to the issue in dispute and the legal argumentation of the solution set in the judgments in order to guarantee the guidance of the guiding cases; it will be better to adopt the system of ＂one center, two grades and multi-levels＂ of the guiding cases of selection and compiling; it is necessary to publish the new collections of guiding cases which are uniform, general, systematic and convenient; we should encourage and instruct the normative use of guiding cases.