论国际私法的实质主义法律选择方法

On Substantivism in Choice of Law in Private International Law

国际私法的实质主义法律选择方法注重相关实体法的具体内容,而不像形式主义法律选择方法那样强调立法管辖权的选择。12世纪意大利后注释法学派代表人物阿尔德里克的"结果选择理论"是实质主义法律选择方法的早期形式,20世纪美国著名冲突法学者利弗拉尔的"较好法律说"则是实质主义法律选择理论的典型代表。形式主义与实质主义法律选择方法的对立的实质在于法的确定性与公平性之间的矛盾。在调和两种价值追求的立法和司法实践中,德国1999年《民法施行法》修正案与美国《第二次冲突法重述》相比更加有效。

Substantivism focuses on the specific content of the related substantive laws, and it does not stress the choice among jurisdictions as formalism does. The result - selecting theory of Aldricus of the Post - glossators in the 12th century is the origin of substantivism in choice of law, and the Doctrine of Better Rule of Law of Leflar in the 20th century is the typical model. The nature of the contradiction between formalism and substantivism in choice of law lies in the contradiction between legal certainty and legal equity. As far as the legislative and judicial practices in conciliating the two value orientations, the revised version of the Application Law of the German Civil Code is more effective than the Second Restatement of the Conflict of Laws of the United States.