燕山中段植物枯落物中的灰分及营养元素

Contents of Ash and Nutrition Elements of the Litter in Different Plant Communities

以燕山山脉主峰雾灵山为中心,在海拔450～2118m处,对不同植物群落枯落物中的灰分和营养元素进行研究。结果表明:不同植物群落枯落物中营养元素含量存在3个量级水平,全钙和全氮量级水平最高,全磷、全钾、全镁、全铁含量次之,全钠含量最低;各种元素在不同植物群落枯落物中含量不同,核桃楸林全氮含量最高,山杨-白桦林全磷含量最高,蒙椴-山杨-蒙古栎林全钾、全钙含量最高,白杄林全镁、全铁含量最高,硕桦-青杄林全钠含量最高;草本群落中亚高山灌丛草甸的全磷、全钾和全镁含量均为最高;7种元素含量水平可排序为全钙>全氮>全铁>全钾>全镁>全磷>全钠;灰分含量为8×104～38×104mg.kg-1,由白杄、华北落叶松、白桦、硕桦、青杄组成的森林群落以及亚高山灌丛草甸和亚高山草甸群落灰分含量较高,而油松-蒙古栎林含量最低。

The investigation and researches were conducted to the contents of ash and nutrition elements of the litter in different plant communities which ranged 450 - 2 118 m in elevation and surrounded the highest peak of Wulingshan Mountain in Hebei Province. The results showed that the contents of various elements were divided into three categories which total calcium （Ca） and total nitrogen （N） at 10^4 mg·kg^-1, 10^3 mg·kg^-1 for total phosphorus （P）, total potassium （K）, total magnesium （Mg） and total iron （Fe）, and 10^2 mg·kg^-1 for total natrium （Na） ;The contents of various elements of the litter in different plant communities were founded significant difference. For forest communities, the highest total N content was determined in the litter of Juglans mandshurica forest, the highest total P for Populus davidiana-Betula platyphylla forest, the highest total K and total Ca for Tilia mongolica-P, davidiana-Quercus mongolica forest, the highest total Mg and total Fe for Picea meyeri forest, the highest total Na for Betula costata-Picea wilsonii forest. For herbaceous cluster community, the highest contents of total P, total K and total Mg were found in the litter of suhalpine shrubbery meadow. The content level of seven elements showed the same order of total Ca 〉 total N 〉 total Fe 〉 total K 〉 total Mg 〉 total P 〉 total Na. The content of ash ranged 8×10^4 - 38×10^4 mg·kg^-1. The forest communities formed with P. meyeri, Larix principis-rupprechtii, B. platyphylla, B, costata, P. wilsonii and the communities of subalpine shrubbery-meadow and subalpine meadow showed relative high content of ash. And Pinus tabulaeformis- Q. mongolica forest showed relative low content of ash.