嫩江流域中下游土壤水的分布特征

Distributional Characteristics of Soil Water in Middle and Lower Reaches of Nenjiang River Valley

通过对嫩江中下游地区不同植被类型土壤贮水量进行的多点定位观测,定量研究了不同森林植被对土壤贮水量的影响关系,结果表明:樟子松林分土壤贮水量大于小黑杨林分土壤贮水量,其幅度为3-56 mm,且两者都显著大于对照农田的土壤贮水量。在不同土壤中,土壤贮水量的大小顺序依次为黑土、黑钙土、暗棕壤,增幅相应为56、25、5、3 mm。农田林网区土壤贮水量在生长季总体上比林网外对照提高2.2%。而不同生长期网内与网外土壤贮水量有一定变化规律,在作物生长旺盛期(5月下旬到6月初)网内较网外低0.6-6.2 mm,6月中旬以后则逐渐增高,在作物生长的的4月份较网外对照平均高15.5 mm。

Through the multipoint location determination on soil water storage of different vegetation types in the middle and lower reaches of Nenjiang River Valley, the results show that the soil water storage ofPinus sylvestris var. mongolica is bigger than that of Populus simonii x P. nigra and the amplitude is 3 - 56mm . Both are higher than the CK significantly , The forest can increase the soil water storage of different soil types and the order is black soil 〉 dark brown soil 〉 ehemozem 〉 sandy soil . Amplitude are 56mm, 25mm, 5mm, 3ram. Soil water storage of farmland shelterbelt region increases 2.2% than CK in growing season. The soil in-belt and off-belt soil water storage during different growing season has certain varia- tion law. The in-beh soil water storage is lower by 0. 6 ～ 6.2ram than the latter in the period of crop growing luxuriantly （the last ten-day of May - the beginning of June）. The in-belt soil water storage increases gradually after the middle ten days of June and 15.5 mm higher than CK in April.