441例情感性精神障碍症状调查分析

Symptoms distribution in 441 affective disorder cases

目的调查情感性精神障碍的症状分布和频度。方法用中国精神障碍分类方案与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)关于躁狂和抑郁发作的症状标准所列的症状和躁狂量表(BRMS)、抑郁量表(HAMD)作为调查工具,对符合诊断标准的住院患者作症状调查。结果149例躁狂发作者中其症状分布和频度为语量增多144例次(96.6%),睡眠需要减少118例次(79.2%),自我感觉良好(精力充沛、不感疲乏)95例次(63.8%),活动增多93例次(62.4%),自我评价过高86例次(57.7%),联想加快81例次(54.4%)。BRMS评定11项症状中有9项症状超过86.5%。292例抑郁发作者中有兴趣丧失,无愉快感者212例次(72.6%),失眠和早醒178例次(61.0%),精力减退或疲乏感147例次(50.3%),自我评价降低148例次(50.7%),食欲降低22例次(41.8%)。HAMD抑郁量表测定24项症状中有15项出现率超过50.0%。结论躁狂发作者以语量增多、睡眠需要减少,自我感觉良好(精力充沛,不感疲乏)和自我评价过高最多见(>57.0%),与BRMS量表相类似。抑郁发作者以兴趣丧失,无愉快感,自我评价低,失眠和早醒,精力减退或疲乏感最多见(>50.0%)。与HAMD量表症状相类似。

Objective： To investigate the symptoms distribution of affective disorder. Methods： Symptoms List, BRMS and HAMD were used to investigate the symptoms distribution. The Symptoms List included all the symptoms listed in the symptom criteria of manic episode and depression episode of CCMD - 3. Results： 149 manic patients and 292 depression patients were included in this study. The symptoms distribution and frequency presented in manic patients were listed as following： over - talkativeness（ 144 cases, 96.6% ）, decreased need for sleep （ ll8cases, 79. 2% ）, over - energetic or indefatigable （ 95cases, 63. 8% ）, overactivity （93cases, 62.4% ）, inflated self - grandiosity （ 86cases, 57.7 % ）, racing thoughts （ 81 cases, 54. 4% ）. Among 11 items of BRMS, nine of them represented in over 86.5% patients. The symptoms distribution and frequence presented in 292 ~tepression patients were listed as following： loss of interest or enjoyment （212cases, 72.6% ）, insomnia or early morning wakening（ 178cases, 61.0% ）, lack of energy or fatigability （ 147cases, 50.3% ）, reduced self- esteem（ 148cases, 50.7% ）, poor appetite（22cases, 41.8% ）. Among 24 items of BRMS, fifteen items presented in over 50% patients. Conclusion：The frequent symptoms in manic episode were over - talkativeness, decreased need for sleep, over - energetic or indefatigable and inflated self - grandiosity （ over 57.0% ）, similar to BRMS. The frequent symptoms in depression episode were loss of interest or enjoyment, reduced self- esteem, insomnia or early morning wakening, lack of energy or fatigability （ over 50% ） ,similar to HAMD.