一战与五四反科学主义思潮的兴起

World War I and the Rise of Ideoloical Trend of Auti-Scientism in the Period of the May 4th Movement

一战前,科学得到中国人民的一致崇信,科学万能论即唯科学主义极为兴盛。而战后,科学的功用和价值受到质疑。科学的信徒严复、梁启超也起来反对科学,尤其是梁启超惊呼西方“科学万能之梦”已经破碎。在科玄论战中,玄学派更是对科学的功用和价值提出怀疑和严厉批评,于是反科学主义思潮兴起。

Before World War I, Science had been unanimously worshipped by Chinese people and scientism had prospered. However, after World War Ⅰ, some people started to suspected the function and value of science. The followers of science such as YanFu and Liang chi - chao started to oppose the science . Especially, the latter cried out in alarm that the dream of all - powerful science had smashed. In the heated debate between the schools of scientism and met aphysics, the latter distrusted and criticized severely the function and value of science. As a result, the ideological trend of anti - scientism sprung up.