时变垂直载荷及时变滑移率下轮胎的纵滑特性

Tire longitudinal-slip characteristics considering transient vertical load and transient slip ratio

在稳态半经验模型的基础上,根据松弛长度和有效滑移率的概念建立了能表达时变垂直载荷及时变滑移率低频输入下的轮胎纵滑特性非稳态半经验模型。该模型用一个弹簧(代表胎体的平移弹性)和稳态模型(代表胎面与路面的接触作用,也称接触模型)串联来近似表达轮胎的动态响应。试验表明,该模型的仿真结果与试验结果吻合,可以比较精确地表达轮胎非稳态纵滑特性。该模型满足一定理论边界条件,精度高且形式简单,易于车辆动力学应用。

On the basis of the steady state semi-empirical model of the tire and the concepts of the relaxation length and the effective slip ratio, a non-steady semi-empirical model to express the tire longitudinal-slip response to the low-frequency input of the transient vertical load and transient slip ratio was presented. In this model, the dynamic response of the tire was expressed approximately by a series connection of a spring（to represent the translational elasticity） and a steadwstate contact model （to represent the contact between tire and road surfaces）. The validation shows that the simulation of the tire model agrees with the testing results. The suggested model is compatible with the theoretical boundary conditions, can express the non-steady longitudinal slip characteristics of the tire, and is characterized by the high precision, the formulation simplicity and the easy application to the vehicle dynamics.