早期教育对不同气质类型幼儿发育商的影响研究

Influence of Early-Education on Intelligence Development of Children with Various Temperaments

目的探讨早期教育对不同气质类型幼儿发育商的影响。方法将正常幼儿按气质类型分为平易型、困难型及启动缓慢型,按照随机兼自愿的原则将各气质类型的幼儿分为早教组108例和对照组96例,早教组由医生和幼师直接进行教育训练,并改善其父母对早教的认识和态度;对照组仅进行常规体检。半年后用盲法对两组小儿进行发育商的测评。结果早教训练后,两组平易型气质幼儿在大运动、精细动作、应人能方面差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组困难型气质幼儿在精细动作、语言、应物和应人能方面差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组启动缓慢型幼儿在大运动、精细动作、语言、应物和应人能方面差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论早期教育对困难型和启动缓慢型幼儿智能发育的积极影响更为显著,需要对此类婴幼儿进行恰当的早期教育训练,以利于其智力潜能的充分发挥。

Objective To study the effect of early education on the intelligence development of children with various temperaments.Methods The normal toddlers with easy temperament,difficult temperament,slow-to-warm-up temperament were respectively divided into the training group（n=108） and the control group（n=96）.The children in the training group received education training by doctors and teachers,and their parents＇ recognition and attitude of early education were also improved.The children in the control group only received physical tests.Half year later,all toddlers were assessed by intelligence development test with blind method.Results After early-education,for the children with easy temperament,there were significant differences in abilities of movement and getting along with others between the two groups（P〈0.01）;For the children with difficult temperament and slow-to-warm-up temperament,there were significant differences in abilities of movement,speech,dealing with matters and getting along with others between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The early education pattern can make more obvious impact on intelligence development of children with difficult temperament and slow-to-warm-up temperament.So the children with the two kinds of temperament should be given proper training of early education to give full play to their potential intelligence.