摘要
目的摸清小儿急性腹泻病原构成比及粪ＰＨ值的早期筛选诊断价值．方法１９８８年５月～１９９２年４月小儿急性腹泻３６８例．挑取新鲜粪便作常规镜检，并用广泛试纸测定粪ＰＨ值，然后将标本置ＣａｒｙＢｌａｉｒ培养基中，２４ｈ内送实验室进行细菌分离和鉴定．粪上清液用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测轮状病毒．结果本组３６８例共检出３１种病原，３８５株菌株，病原总检出率达６７７％，其中混合感染占３７８％．按细菌科分，以弧菌科最多（３９７％）；按细菌属分，则以气单胞菌占首位（２６８％）．并证实细菌性腹泻的粪ＰＨ值偏碱性，而轮状病毒性则偏酸性．结论本地区小儿急性腹泻病原复杂达３１种，单凭临床表现很难作出病因诊断，但粪ＰＨ值有早期筛选诊断价值．
AIM To demonstrate the etiologic pathogens of acute diarrhea in children and the diagnostic value of stool pH. METHODS From May 1988 to April 1992, 368 children with acute diarrhea were studied. Fresh stools were examined routinely, and stool pH were tested with pH paper, then the samples in the culture medium of the Cary Blair were sent to the lab for bacteria isolation and identification. The rotavirus was identified by the method of ELISA from the supernatant. RESULTS Thirty one pathogens and 385 bacteria strains were found in the 368 examples, with a detectable rate of 67 7%, including 37 8% of mixed infections. Among bacteria families, vibrionaceae is the most common (39 7%), and among bacteria genuses, aeromonas is the most common (26 8%). In bacterial diarrhea, the stool pH tends to be basic while in viral diarrhea to be acid. CONCLUSION There are 31 pathogens for the children′s acute diarrhea in this area. It is quite difficult to make an etiologic diagnosis only by clinial signs. However, stool pH is of some value for early diagnosis of the disease.
