从“自由王国”到“必然王国”——恩格斯和列宁对“自由和必然”的论述

From "Free Kingdom "to "Inevitability Kingdom"——The elaboration of Engels and Lenin for "freedom and inevitability"

"自由和必然"作为一对哲学范畴早在古希腊罗马时期已经产生。恩格斯批判继承了前人优秀的思想遗产,在《反杜林论》中,精辟阐述了"自由和必然"的关系。列宁又在恩格斯的基础上在《唯物主义和经验批判主义》中,对"自由和必然"作了进一步的解释,全面阐明了"自由和必然"这对哲学范畴。

Freedom and inevitability as a pair of philosophy category have been appeared in the Ancient Greece Rome Period. Engels criticizes and inherites the predecessors＇ excellent thoughts heritage, even elaborates the relationship of the freedom and inecitability in Anti - Duhring. Lenin displays the further innovates in Materialism and Experience Criticism, and comprehensively elaborates the pair.