从“教(叫)”看汉语被动句和使动句的互转

On the inter—transformation of Chinese passive sentences and causative sentences from"Jiao(教/叫)"

"教(叫)"在近代汉语中有表示被动与使动的用法。本文讨论了"教(叫)"的这两种意思的源流及发展。"教(叫)"的被动义由使动义转化而来。文中并以"教(叫)"和其他词为例说明,在汉语中使动句和被动句有互相转化的可能,转化有两个原因,一是两种句子形式相同,二是两种句子具有语义的模糊性。

＂Jiao（教/叫 ）＂ can be used to express both passive and causative meanings in modern Chinese. This article discusses the origin and development of the two meanings of ＂Jiao（教/叫 ）＂ The passive meaning of ＂Jiao（教/叫 ）＂ was transformed from its causative meaning. Based on examples of ＂Jiao（教/叫 ）＂ and other words, this article holds that Chinese passive sentences and causative sentences are inter-transformable if they share the same sentence form and if they are ambiguous semantically.