耐冬山茶孢粉学研究

Study on Palynology of Camellia japonica L.(NaiDong)

对耐冬山茶花粉形态进行比较研究,可以为探索山茶属植物的演化、系统分类以及耐冬山茶的品种分类提供孢粉学依据。通过用扫描电镜对耐冬山茶18个品种及3个南方山茶品种的花粉形态进行观察分析,结果如下:耐冬山茶花粉粒为腰鼓形或长球形,极面观为近三角形或三裂圆形,具三孔沟,从表面看内孔不显著。外壁两层,外层厚于内层。花粉粒表面纹饰大多为蠕虫状,亦有拟蠕虫状或拟网状。脊间或网纹间具穿孔和穴,有的脊上有较明显横向波状纹,穿孔和穴的形态及数量品种间有差异。花粉粒形态可以做为耐冬山茶品种分类的依据之一,耐冬山茶和南方山茶品种花粉形态存在较大的差异。

Comparative research on pollen morphology of Camellia japonica L. （NaiDong） could provide the palynology basis of evolution and systematic classification for Camellia and the cultivar classification of Camellia japonica L, （NaiDong） .18 cultivars of Camellia japonica L. （NaiDong） and 3 cultivars of Camellia japonica L, in southern China were investigated and analyzed with scanning electron microscope. The main results were as follows： Pollen grains of Camellia japonica L. （NaiDong） were in the shape of drum or spheroidal, sub-triangle or 3-lobed circular in polar view and tricolporate. The internal bore was apparently inconspicuousness and the exine had two layers of which the extexine was thicker. The surface ornamentation of pollen grains was mostly helminthoid and also was quasi-helminthoid or quasi-reticulate. There were porus and acupoint among the ridge or net ornamentation. And there were obvious transverse wavy ornamentation on some ridges. The shape and quantity of porus-acupoint varied with different cultivars. Pollen morphology could be used as one of the main bases of cultivar classification of Camellia japonica L. （NaiDong）. There were a lot of differences in pollen morphology between Camellia japonica L. （NaiDong） and Camellia japonica L. in southern China.