乌桕乙醇提取物对罗汉果根结线虫的生物活性初报

Bioactivities of Ethanol Extracts from Leaves of Sapium sebiferum to Meloidogyne incognita

为寻找高效低毒的防治罗汉果根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)的新途径,该文通过毒力测定及盆栽试验进行了乌桕[Sapium sebiferum(Linn.)Roxb.]叶乙醇提取物对罗汉果根结线虫的生物活性研究。结果表明乌桕叶乙醇提取物含具有较强毒杀线虫活性,浓度2.5g/L、处理48h活性最强,线虫校正死亡率达93.13%,LC50为333mg/L;乌桕叶乙醇提取物稀释100倍、1000倍、10000倍后处理接种了罗汉果根结线虫的番茄苗,植株平均根结数分别为12.5±3.84,20.17±4.01,31.8±5.09,均显著低于对照(5%乙醇水溶液)的平均根结数62.5±5.53,株高分别比对照提高28.10%、21.07%、12.23%,植株鲜重分别比对照增加33.07%、15.31%、2.73%。乌桕叶乙醇提取物能减轻线虫危害,促进植株生长,利用乌桕叶提取物防治根结线虫具深入研发的价值。

To find a new effective and low toxic method of prevention and cure Meloidogyne incognito, the ethanol extracts from leaves of Sapium sebiferum was used for this research by toxicity test and potting ex- periment. The result showed that the ethanol extracts from leaves of Sapium sebiferum could highly poison Meloidogyne incognita. The treatment （concentration： 2.5g/L, treatment time： 48h）, which could lead to 93.13% of corrected mortality for Meloidogyne incognita, had the strongest bioactivity among all the treatments, LC50 was 333mg/L The Meloidogyne incognita was treated with the ethanol extracts from leaves of Sapium sebiferum witch were diluted 100times,1000times and 10000times respectively. The results showed that the mean numbers of root-knots was 12.5±3.84, 20.17±4.01, 31.8±5.09, which were significantly lower than the control of 5% ethanol （62.5± 5.53）, the plant height of tomato increased 28.10%,21.07%and 12.23%, and the fresh mass increased33.07% ,15.31% and 2.73% compared with the control, respectively. The ethanol extracts of Sapium sebiferum can release the harm of Meloidogyne incognita and promote the growth of plant. Further research should be done for utilizing the leaves of Sapium sebiferum to cure Meloidogyne incognita.