反省法对于同声传译研究适用性探析——兼论口译研究的学科独立性

On the Applicability of Retrospection upon Simultaneous Interpreting Research--Methodological views on the Independence of Interpreting Research as a Discipline

本文基于文献法分析心理学和语言习得研究中经常采用的口头报告法在同声传译研究中的适用性。通过文献解读和评述得出以下结论：口头报告法中仅有反省法适用于同声传译的研究；其研究方案的设计须在研究焦点、受试选择、实验材料、实验条件和结果解释等方面遵循同声传译的本质要求。如果能够结合言语输入和输出的相关理论对所得资料加以解释，反省法有助于揭示同声传译员的认知变化过程。

This article,based on the review of selected literature,analyzes the applicability of verbal-reporting methods,which are frequently employed in psychological and linguistic studies,to the research of Simultaneous Interpreting（SI）.Literature review and in-depth analysis reveal that,retrospection is the only verbal-reporting method applicable in SI research.However,its effectiveness is highly dependent upon well-thought research design,which,as required by SI,poses specifications,upon research focal point,subject selection, research materials, experimental conditions and results interpretation. If the obtained results can be interpreted in terms of theories concerning speech input and output,retrospection is potentially to be effective in revealing cognitive processes in SI.