赤泥质陶瓷内墙砖的制备及结构研究

THE PREPARATION AND STUDY OF RED MUD CERAMIC INTERIOR TILE AND ITS MICROSTRUCTURE

以烧结法赤泥、拜尔法赤泥二种固体废弃物为主要原料,添加改善坯体成型性能及促进样品烧成的添加剂,分别采用一次烧成和二次烧成方法,制备了高性能的赤泥质陶瓷内墙砖。按国标测定了样品的吸水率、气孔率、体积密度、抗折强度及耐急冷急热性,并采用XRD、SEM研究了样品的相组成和显微结构。结果表明,赤泥质陶瓷内墙砖气孔率达20%～35%,吸水率达10%～22%,体积密度达1.2g/cm3～1.8 g/cm3,抗折强度达20～35MPa。内墙砖晶相组成为CaAl2Si2O8、CaMg(SiO3)2、Fe2O3、SiO2,主晶相晶体呈板条状交织排列,赋予内墙砖的较高的强度。

The ceramic interior tile was made from some solid wastes such as sintered red mud,Bayer red mud and so on in this study. Some additives were used to improve the making properties.The once firing process and twice firing process were used respctively. The water absorption, porosity, bulk density, bending strength and thermal shock resistance were measured acceding to the national standard. The phase compositions and microstructures have been tested by XRD and SEM. The results showed that the porosity was about 20%-35%, the water absorption was about 10%-22%, bulk density was about 1.2g/cm^3-1.8g/cm^3, the bending strength was about 20-35MPa. The main crystalline phases were CaAl2Si2O3, CaMg（SiO3）2,Fe2O3,SiO2, and they interlaced as tabular-lath structure, so the samples has a high bending strength.