N-甲酰吗啉的合成

Synthesis of N-formylmorpholine

以吗啉和甲酸为原料,磷酸为催化剂,环己烷为带水剂合成了N-甲酰吗啉。用红外光谱对产品的结构进行了表征,结果表明和N-甲酰吗啉标准谱图一致。用气相色谱测定产品纯度大于99%。考察了影响反应的主要因素,确定较佳反应条件为n（甲酸）∶n（吗啉）=1.30∶1,反应温度80~90℃,反应时间8.0 h。在此条件下N-甲酰吗啉的平均收率为89.1%。

N-formylmorpholine was synthesized using morpholine and formic acid as starting materials,phosphorous acid as catalyst and cyclohexane as water carrying agent.The structure of product was characterized by FT-IR.The purity of product was analysized by GC and was over 99%.The influences of main factors on reaction results were investigated and the obtained optimum conditions were n（formic acid）∶ n（morpholine） =1.30∶1,reaction temperature 80～90 ℃ and reaction time 8.0 h.Under above conditions,the yield of Nformylmorpholine was 89.1%.