矮脚黄鸡、兴义矮脚鸡血清蛋白多态性的比较研究

Study on Comparisons of the Serum Protein Polymorphisms between Yellow Dwarf Chicken and Xingyi Dwarf Chicken

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶梯度电泳对贵州矮脚黄鸡、兴义矮脚鸡的血清前白蛋白(Pa)、白蛋白(Alb)、后白蛋白(Po)、运铁蛋白(Tf—1,Tf—2)5个位点多态性进行检测。结果表明:除Pa位点在矮脚黄鸡表现为单态,在兴义矮脚鸡表现为多态外,其它4个血清蛋白位点在两鸡种均具多态性,诸位点分别受2～3个(复)等位基因控制。Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态检测结果表明,两群体的Tf—1、Tf—2位点基因型频率都偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。兴义矮脚鸡的有效等位基因数和期望杂合度(1.8792,0.4539)较大,矮脚黄鸡(1.7538,0.3772)较小,表明兴义矮脚鸡较矮脚黄鸡的遗传变异度大。

In this study, polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis was employed to investigate the genetic polymorphism of serum protein Alb, Po, Pa, Tf-2, and Tf-1 in Yellow dwarf chicken and Xingyi dwarf chicken. The results showed that there were polymorphisms in the loci of Alb, Po, Tf-2 and Tf-1, but not in Pa of Yellow dwarf chicken. These loci have 2-3 alleles respectively. As for x2 fitness test, it was further revealed that two loci of Tf-1 and Tf-2 didn＇t lie in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state in both two breeds. It was also observed that the effective number of alleles and the average heterozygosities of serum protein were 1. 8792, 0.4539 in Xingyi dwarf chicken; 1.7538, 0. 3772 in Yellow dwarf chicken respectively. And finally, it was therefore concluded that, the genetic Variance of Xingyi dwarf chicken were higher than that of Yellow dwarf chicken.