智力结构的分化假设

The Differentiation Hypothesis of Intelligence Structure

该文探讨了智力结构随能力、年龄等个体差异而变化的可能性。认知分化假设认为,能力水平更高的人有"更多"的智力,其智力结构中g因素的作用随IQ水平的增加而递减。年龄分化假设指出,从童年期到青年早期,g因素在认知能力中的作用随年龄的增加而减小;相反,从青年早期到成年晚期,g因素的作用递增,智力结构中其他因素的数量和重要性则递减。该领域未来的研究应当解决测量和评估工具的问题,扩大被试的能力水平和年龄范围。

This paper discussed the possibility that intelligence structure might be changed with individual differences such as ability and age. The cognitive-differentiation hypothesis indicates that higher-ability individuals have ＇more＇ intelligence and the effect of g factor descends with IQ increasing in their intelligence structure. The age-differentiation hypothesis states that from childhood to early maturity, the effect of g factor decreases with increasing age in cognitive ability. However, from early maturity to late adulthood, an increase in the importance of g factor and a decrease in the number and importance of the remaining abilities are predicted. Future researches in this field should resolve the problem of measurement ＆ assessment instruments, and extend the range of subjects＇ ability and age