2005年湖南省血吸虫病疫情监测结果分析

Report of Surveillance results of Endemic on Schistosomiasis in Hunan Province in 2005

目的分析2005年湖南省国家级血吸虫病疫情监测点监测结果。方法收集16个监测点基线资料和螺情调查结果,监测点人群采用血检过筛,阳性者用Kato-Katz法进行病情调查,采取孵化法对家畜进行病情调查。结果监测点居民平均粪检阳性率为4．07%,男性平均粪检阳性率5．79%,女性为2．26%,其中,以40～49岁年龄组较高;职业分类以渔船民最高。结论监测点居民血吸虫病感染率整体下降,但也存在着漏检因素,当前血防的目标人群应是渔船民、40～49年龄组居民、外地民工等。而药物灭螺的决定因素首先是当地居民感染情况,其次才是外洲钉螺感染性指标。

Objective To analyze the endemic situation of the national surveillance sites of Hunan province on schistosomiasis in 2005.Methods The data in basic line and the invesgated result on the snail and the disease for 16 surveillance sites were gathered.The people in 16 surveillance sites were firstly screened by the sera test （IHA） and the positive cases of IHA were examined by Kato-Katz to determine the infection rate of the sera positive cases.Hatching method was undertaken in the case finding of domestic animals.Results The average positive rate by stool examination was 4.07% in villagers of all surveillance sites,male residents had positive rate,in average,of 5.79% and female 2.26%.40～49 age group people had the highest positive rate in all age groups,and fisherman and boatman had the peak positive rate among all professionals.Conclusion The overall infection rate had been lowered in all sites,considering the missed detection of case finding assay, the actual infection rate of schistosomiasis among residents should be higher than the current results of surveil- lance.The key population of future schistosomiasis control should be focused on the fisherman and boatman, villagers of 40～49 age group,non local laborers who were doing temporary jobs in the local endemic areas and so on.Whether to snails control on marshland outside the villages should be decided firstly by the level residents＇ infection rate,then considered by snail infection indices.