烟叶白化对烤烟生理生化性状的影响

Effects of Leaf Chlorosis on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco

研究比较了白化烟株和正常烟株理化性状的差异。结果表明,白化烟株叶片干鲜比降低,叶绿体色素含量明显低于正常烟株,且叶绿素a的降解速度高于叶绿素b,叶绿素的降解速度高于类胡萝卜素。丙二醛和可溶性糖含量高于正常烟株,且可溶性糖含量差异极显著,而根系活力与正常烟株的根系活力差异不显著。白化烟株茎中的可溶性糖、还原糖和烟碱含量低,而淀粉含量高;下二棚叶片中总糖和还原糖的含量高于正常烟株,烟碱含量低于正常烟株,茎、叶中蛋白质和总氮含量差异不大。

The differences of physiological and biochemical characteristics between leaf chlorosis tobacco plants and normal tobacco plants were studied. The result showed that the ratio of dry to fresh weight of chlorosis tobacco leaves were lower than those of the normal ones, the contents of chloroplast pigment were obviously lower in chlorosis leaves than in normal tobacco leaves, the degradation of chlorophyll a was faster than that of chlorophyll b, and the degradation of chlorophyll was faster than that of carotenoid. The contents of malonaldehyde and soluble sugar were higher in chlorosis leaves than in normal tobacco leaves. The differences in soluble sugar were significant, but those of root vitality were not significant, compared with normal tobacco plants. Reducing sugar and nicotine contents were low in stalks of leaf chlorosis tobacco plants, but starch contents were high. The contents of total sugar and the reducing sugar of lower leaves were higher, but nicotine contents were lower in chlorosis tobacco plants than in normal tobacco plants. The differences in protein and total nitrogen contents in the leaves and stalks were not significant between chlorosis and normal tobacco plants.