疾病经济负担研究综述

Review of Researches on Economic Burden of Disease

疾病负担研究分为疾病的流行病学负担和经济负担两方面,前者主要为率的指标和一系列寿命指标;后者主要为直接经济负担、间接经济负担和无形经济负担,通常用货币来衡量。疾病经济负担的研究内容正在由传染病向慢性病、伤害和干预措施评价转变。大部分研究主要从家庭的角度、部分研究从社会的角度进行的,没有发现从医院的角度来评价疾病经济负担的文献。在研究方法上,国内外的文献基本上都采用二部模型法和人力资本法,分别计算直接经济负担和间接经济负担。在影响因素上关注最多的是疾病的类型、严重程度、诊治单位以及经济收入和医疗保障形式,不同的研究目的,研究的影响因素有所不同。

In literature, burden of disease was studies from two aspects： epidemiology and economics. Each aspect has different indieatom： the former mainly has ＂ratio＂ and a series of life indicators, and the latter is mainly illustrated by direct economic burden, indirect economic burden and intangible burden, usually using unit of money to scale. The content of tile economic burden study now is changing from infectious disease to chronic disease, injuries and intervention evaluations. The point of view of the studies can be divided to family, society and hospital. Most of the studies researched from tamily point, some from society and few from hospital. As research methods are concerned, two-part model was used to calculate direct economic burden and human capital for indirect economic burden. For risk factors, most literatures concentrated on type and severity of disease, level of health institution, patients＇ income and health insurance.