宁夏贺兰山东麓不同葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性鉴定

Study on the resistance of different grape cultivars to downy mildew

为了给葡萄抗性品种的选育和葡萄霜霉病的防治提供科学依据,对16个不同酿酒葡萄品种和19个鲜食葡萄品种的抗病性进行了抗性测定。结果表明,室内回接与田间调查结果一致,16个酿酒葡萄品种可划分为4类;19个鲜食葡萄品种可划分为4类;从发病时间来看,抗性与发病时间存在一定相关性,抗性越强发病越晚。随即将测定结果采用DPS软件进行聚类分析,在酿酒葡萄抗性反应谱系图上,第1类为抗性稍强品种,为白比诺、灰比诺和赛美蓉;第2类为抗性中等品种,由白长相思和神索等8个品种组成;第3类是稍感病品种,包括赤霞珠等4个品种;第4类是感病品种,只有品丽珠1个。在鲜食葡萄谱系图上,第1类为六月紫等7个抗性稍强品种;第2类是新华1号和巨峰;第3类是稍感品种,由奥古斯特等6个品种组成;第4类为力扎马特等4个感病品种。

In Ningxia area grapevine was seriously infected by Plasmapara viticola（Berk, et Curtis ） Bed. et de Toni in autumn. Resistances of 16 wine grape cuhivars and 19 table cultivars to P. viticola were studied. Results showed that 16 wine cuhivars could be classified into 4 groups and 19 table cultivars could be also classified into 4 groups. Among wine cuhivars, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris and Semillon showed a higher resistance, then the Sauvignon Blanc ; the disease index range of the third group cuhivars were from 41.74 to 52.13. The cuhivars of the fourth group, just like Cabernet France, were most susceptive and the disease index was 64.90. Among table cuhivars, the most resistant cultivars were Liuyuezi, Autumn Royal, et al; then cuhivars Kyoho, Centenial and so on. The least resistant cultivars were Thompson Seedless （Suhanina）, Wuhezaohong, Superior Seedless and Rizamat.