鲜苹果渣蛋白饲料发酵工艺研究

Studies on fermenting technology of protein-fodder from pomace

为了优化鲜苹果渣直接发酵的工艺条件,以不接菌鲜苹果渣为对照,以酵母菌和黑曲霉为混合发酵剂,分别对混合原料和纯果渣进行了氮素、pH和灭菌3因素试验。结果表明,①加入氮素能大幅度提高发酵产物中纯蛋白质含量,氮源种类对发酵产物中纯蛋白质含量也有一定影响;当pH为6时,加NH4NO3处理可使混合原料和纯果渣发酵产物中纯蛋白质含量较不接菌对照分别提高96.9%和105.5%。②不同pH下发酵产物中纯蛋白质含量不同,较适宜的发酵pH为6。③加热灭菌有利于提高发酵产物中纯蛋白质含量,混合原料的平均增幅为23.6%,纯果渣增幅为49.8%。说明在利用鲜苹果渣生产蛋白饲料时,应选择灭菌加氮发酵,较适宜的氮源为NH4NO3,较适宜的pH为6。

To optimize the technology of fresh pomace ferment in contrast to pomace without sterilization,the experiment was carried out with N（Nitrogen） element,pH and sterilization on the mixed pomace and pure pomace,respectively by taking Aspergillus Niger and yeast as mixed ferment.Results showed：①Adding inorganic nitrogen（N）could improve the content of pure protein of the fermented product notably.The source of N had some influence on the content of pure protein of the fermented product to some degree.On the condition of pH 6,adding NH4NO3 could increase the protein content of fermentation product of mixed materials and pure pomace by 96.9% and 105.5%,respectively,compared with no inoculation.②The protein content of fermentation product was different under different value of pH,and pH 6 was more suitable.③In comparison with no sterilization fermentation,protein content of sterilization fermentation was higher,and the average increase rate was 23.6%（mixed materials） and 49.8%（pure pomace）.So,it could be concluded that adding inorganic nitrogen with sterilization could get better protein fodder from fresh pomace,and the more suitable condition was pH 6 with adding NH4NO3.