油桃下胚轴再生植株影响因素的研究

Factors affecting regeneration from hypocotyls of nectarine (Prunus persica var. nectarina)

为了建立一个稳定的桃再生体系,以晚熟油桃秦光2号为试验材料,对影响其种胚萌发及下胚轴再生的不同激素质量浓度与组合、培养基、预培养时间、低温处理等因素进行了研究。结果表明,种皮对种胚萌发有抑制作用,在种胚培养中应剥去种皮培养;低温处理可以明显提高胚培养的萌发率,胚培养种胚以5℃低温处理70 d萌发率最高,达到93.33%,且经过7 d常温光培养所得下胚轴健壮、幼嫩,更适宜做下胚轴再生的外植体,诱导率达到34.38%,在蔗糖质量浓度为30 g/L时萌发率最高,达到75.66%,用1600 mg/L GA浸泡24 h,诱导率达到62.3%;下胚轴能够再生植株,形态学上部再生率为34.67%,下部为18.67%,二者差异显著,下胚轴再生以QL+TDZ 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L效果最好,再生率达到38.67%,平均再生不定芽数为2.50个,晚熟油桃秦光2号下胚轴可以直接从未产生愈伤组织的切口部位产生不定芽。

In order to set up a stable regeneration system for peach,the nectarine cultivar Qingguang2^# was used to study factors such as different hormone concentrations and combinations,culture mediums,beforehand train time,and low temperature that affected the germination and the regeneration of its hypocotyls.The results showed that the 70-day and 5 ℃ chilling treatment could increase the germination rate of embryos,accounting for 93.33%;and after 7 days,normal temperature and light beforehand train could get more stronger and younger hypocotyls,and the inducement rate could reach 34.38%;in the 30 g/L sugar concentration,the embryo germination rate was 75.66%;in the 1 600 mg/L GA after 24 hours,the germination rate was the highest,accounting for 62.3%;the hypocotyls could be used to regenerate the plantlets and their upper of morphology and lower morphology showed evident difference in this respect.The upper of morphology regenerate rate was 34.67%,while the lower was 0.The hypocotyls regeneration performed best on the medium of QL＋TDZ 2.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.5 mg/L,accounting for 38.67%.By the trial result also,the hypocotyls of the late-maturing nectarine Qingguanng2^# could directly regenerate adventitious bud from the cut.