遵义市1997～2005年流行性乙型脑炎流行趋势分析

ANALYSIS ON EPIDEMIC TREND OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS DURING 1997-2005 IN ZUNYI

[目的]分析遵义市1997～2005年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行趋势,为全市乙脑预防控制策略提供依据。[方法]对1997年以来疫情信息监测管理系统的监测资料和个案调查资料进行分析。[结果]9年共报告乙脑4327例,年均发病率为6.93/10万;累计死亡52例,年均死亡率为0.08/10万;年均病死率为1.20%;男性与女性发病之比为1.48︰1;发病以散居儿童为主(63.92%),其次是学生(27.94%),有明显的季节性,病例主要集中在9岁以下(占总发病数的84.29%)。[结论]病例呈高度散发,提示乙脑防治重点加强对边远山区和学龄前儿童的预防接种工作,同时加强健康教育,开展防蚊灭蚊,降低乙脑发病率。

To analyse the epidemic trend of Japanese B Encephalitis （JE） during 1997-2005 in Zunyi,and provide evidence for prevention and control of Japanese B Encephalitis.[Methods]The surveillance and case study data from national disease report system since 1997 were analysed.[Results]A total of 4 327 JE cases were reported during 9 years,and the average incidence rate was 6.93/100 000 . There were 52 reported deaths,and the average mortality rate was 0.08/100 000 . The average fatality rate was 1.20%. The ratio of the incidence rate of males to females was 1.48︰1. The highest proportion of cases was among the children living scattered（63.92%）,then was students （27.94%）. The results indicated that the distribution of disease had seasonal variation,the cases were mainly collected from the people aged 9 and below （84.29%）.[Conclusion]The cases of JE are highly sporadic,which indicates the important measures for prevention and control of JE are strengthening the vaccination for people of remote mountain areas and preschool children,strengthening health education,paying attention to mosquito prevention and mosquito killing to reduce the incidence of JE.