论北宋中后期制度转型与温州士子的机遇

On the Relation between the Innovation of Education System in the Middle and Late Song Dynasty and the Opportunities for Wenzhou Scholars

"元丰九先生"的出现被视为温州区域文化发展的重要标志。而这一标志的出现与北宋中后期太学法的改革是有密切关系的。元丰太学法改革使得温州士子可以通过太学争取到远多于解额的参加省试的名额;崇宁元年推出的州县学三舍法改革,使取士权的重心部分地向下移动,进一步拓宽了温州士子的仕进之路;阻碍温州士子科举的的身份限制被从根本上取消了,生员的生活负担也在某种程度上减轻了,而后赵构小朝廷以临安为都和程学的传入,解决了温州在地理上荒僻边缘的尴尬和文化渊源匮乏的问题,这预示着温州科举和区域文化崛起的春天就要到来。

The rising of the nine advocators of education system and innovation of Taixue encouraged the cultural development of Wenzhou during the years of Yuanfeng in the middle of Song Dynasty. This innovation enabled more scholars who intended to be officials in Wenzhou to attend the imperial provincial examination. The Education Bill of Sanshe spread from provinces to prefectures and counties broadened the path for the scholars in Wenzhou during the first year of Congning, which abolished the identity prohibition for the Imperial Examination, and thus relieved their living burden. Later, the location of capital in Lin＇an of Southern Song Dynasty and the introduction of Cheng School of Confucian philosophy solved problems of geographical isolation of Wenzhou and the lack of Cultural source. All of these forecasted the coming of the spring of imperial examination and cultural boom in wenzhou.