江南水乡古镇城市化倾向及其可持续发展对策——以乌镇、西塘、南浔三镇为例

CHARACTERISTICS OF URBANATION TREND AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT COUNTERMEASURES OF WATER-TOWNS IN THE SOUTHERN YANGTZE RIVER AREA——A CASE STUDY OF WUZHEN,XITANG AND NANXUN IN NORTH ZHEJIANG PROVINCE

通过实地调查研究,江南古镇不仅在传统景观、人工环境、社会经济环境以及古镇的功能上持续发生演变,而且体现出水体景观艺术化和水网功能的时尚化、开放空间利用方式的城市广场化和公园化、古镇居民行为方式的现代化和多样化、现代城市商业街模式和行为商业化,以及现代生活与传统物质空间之间的冲突等严重的城市化倾向和特点。立足于古镇的原真性保护,在城市化过程中古镇应保护和延续农业社会聚落特征,强化古镇时空异化过程;规划景观遗产隔离廊道,保护江南水乡区域景观的完整性和连续性;保护古镇水乡文化的原真性,营造和谐的整体人文生态系统体验;合理调控容量,降低聚集密度和强度,控制服务设施和规模,再现诗意生活场景,实现可持续发展。

Water-towns in the southern Yangtze River area are located in the economic circles of Hu-Ning- Hang area. Rapid urbanization has influenced the water-towns, in respects of changes of traditional landscape, man-made environment, social-economic environment and the towns＇ functions. The changes displayed characters as ： art-oriented water landscape, fashionable water net functions, urban square and parking of open space, modern and diverse people＇s behavior, modern business street models and behavior commercialization and the conflicts between modern living styles and traditional physical space. In order to conserve the authenticity of water-towns, the following measures should be taken： to conserve the characteristics of agricultural society settlements, to emphasize the dissimilation of spatial-temporal process,to obtain the complete and harmonious experiences of total human ecosystem, to adjust capacity and reduce the density, to control the service facilities and economic scales and reemerge the traditional living circumstances.