国内外土地利用区划研究的回顾与展望

REVIEW AND PROSPECTS OF LAND USE ZONING RESEARCH

土地利用区划是从区域角度观察和研究地域综合体,探讨土地利用的发展历史、现状特点、变化过程及趋势,从最大限度发挥土地生产潜力及改善土地生态系统的结构与功能出发,对土地的合理利用方向,包括确定国民经济各部门用地的合理分配、结构和布局形式等,在地域上进行分区。通过简要回顾国内外土地利用区划研究的发展历程,总结了土地利用区划研究的理论方法特点及存在的问题,并在此基础上探讨今后土地利用区划研究的重点及发展方向:从自然要素向自然与人文要素有机结合方向转变;从大空间尺度向多空间尺度方向转变;从传统的区划方法向综合集成的新技术手段转变;从静态的区划研究向多要素、多过程耦合的动态区划研究方向转变。

Land use zoning can be described as a system engineering that observes and works over terrain syntheses from the point of view of region and probes into the history, characteristic, transformation and trend of land use. The major purpose of land use zoning is to understand the potential of land product ability and to improve the structure of land ecosystem,and to find reasonable directions and quantities of land use in domestic economic sections. In this paper,the division of land utilization was reviewed. The necessity and significance of divisions and principles for the division,were given in this paper,together with the method and technique and influencial factors. The paper is of reference value for the investigation into land utilization status, scientific and rational division, macroscopic decision on land development and utilization. We also gave a brief review on the development of land use zoning research in China and abroad. The existing problems in methodology and practice of land use zoning system were summarized, and the future research directions were pointed out in this paper. The tendency of land use zoning research can be generalized as the followings： 1） further study will divert from natural elements to natural-humanistic elements; 2） from large-scale to various spatial scales;3） from traditional zoning methodology to new technology and compositive methodology;4） from static zoning to dynamic zoning which includes multi-element and multiprocess. New concepts and trend of land use zoning for further study was then introduced.