南京市初高中学生睡眠状况及与抑郁障碍关系

Association of sleep status with depression among high school students in Nanjing

目的了解南京市中学生睡眠时间现状及与抑郁障碍的关系。方法采取横断面研究,采用儿童抑郁障碍量表（Children’s Depression Inventory,CDI）对南京市13个区县56所学校168个班级7 127名初一至高三学生进行问卷调查。结果南京市中学生每天睡眠时间平均为（8.3±3.5）h,90.8%的学生睡眠时间不足9 h。初高中学生抑郁障碍现患率为14.7%,其中男生现患率（16.5%）显著高于女生（13.0%）,但初中生与高中生之间差异无统计学意义。经多因素调整后,与睡眠时间〈6 h比较,睡眠时间6-6.9,7-7.9,8-8.9,≥9 h的青少年罹患抑郁障碍的风险分别降低34%,50%,55%和43%。结论南京市中学生存在睡眠不足现象,睡眠时间可能是抑郁障碍的一个独立保护因素,与青少年抑郁障碍的发生呈负性关联。应青少年保证充足的睡眠时间,促进身心健康。

Objective To investigate the current situation of sleep status and to examine its association with depression among high school students in Nanjing. Methods Classes（n = 168） from 56 schools were randomly selected in thirteen administrative districts/counties by population-based cross sectional study. Totally, 7127 eligible participants were included in analyse. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 27 - item CDI. Results The average daily sleep time of adolescents was（8.3 ± 3.5） h, 90.8 % them slept less than 9 h. The overall prevalence of depres.sion（CDI） was 14.7 % in the sample students, which was higher in boys（ 16.5 % ） than in girls（ 13.0 % ）, while there was no difference between junior and senior high school students（ 14.5 % vs 15.1% ）. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, a gradient decrease in adjusted odds ratios（ORs） of depression was found from 〈 6 h to≥9 h of daily sleep time. Conclusion Adolescent students have obvious insufficiency of sleep time in Nanjing. Sleep time was an independent protective factor depression among adolescent, and it was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. The sleep status of adolescents should be paid more attehtion to make them in good physical and mental health.