贵州地区儿童计划免疫IEC策略效果评价

Eevaluation on effecicacy of IEC strategy on child immunization in Guizhou province

目的对儿童计划免疫信息、教育与传播(IEC)策略在贵州省黔东南州的试点效果进行评估,为在贵州全省推广IEC策略提供依据。方法采用社区干预试验的设计方法,于IEC策略干预前后,在试点实施地区及对照地区,采用自行设计的知、信、行问卷对当地2岁以下儿童的母亲进行调查。实施和对照地区,干预前分别调查308人和283人,干预后分别调查291人和279人。结果干预前,目标人群有关儿童计划免疫的知识、态度和行为意向均处于较低水平;干预后,实施地区目标人群的知识、态度和行为意向均有提高,提高的比例高于对照地区(P<0.05)。在试点地区,被调查对象认可的IEC传播渠道依次是医生讲解、村干部讲解、播放计划免疫民歌VCD、宣传画、预防接种证插页。结论应在贵州全省进一步推广IEC策略,以人际传播为主,辅以多种大众传播媒介,从而达到提高预防接种率,有效预防传染病的目的。

Objective To provide evidences for extending ＂the child immunization IEC（information, education, communication） strategy in Guizhou province, it was needed to evaluate the effect of the pilot implementing in selected minority areas. Methods Using the design of community intervention trial, before and after the pilot implementation, surveying mothers of children under 2 years old with structured questionnaires. Results In project areas and control areas, there were 308 and 283 mothers surveyed before implementation, as well as 291 and 279 mothers surveyed after implementation. Targets＇ knowledge, attitudes and intents on children＇s immunization were low and were improved through the pilot implementation in project areas（compared with those in control areas, P 〈 0.05）. The appropriate IEC channels were doctor, village leader, VCD, poster and foldout on immunization recording card in turn. Conclusion To improve the child＇s immunization coverage rate and effectively prevent infectious diseases, the IEC strategy should be extended in Guizhou province, and the main communication channel should be the interpersonal communication, and equipped multifarious media.