频谱成像技术研究进展

The present research on frequency-spectrum imaging technique

频谱成像技术是近年来发展起来的一项基于频率谱分解的储层特色解释技术,是地震属性分析中重要组成部分.频谱成像技术具有在空间横向上分辨率高的特点,是一种利用三维地震资料的多尺度信息对储层进行高分辨率成像、检测储层时间厚度变化的工具.地震数据振幅谱可以识别地层的时间厚度变化,相位谱可以检测地质体横向不连续性,在确定油藏边界、计算地层厚度方面比传统地震属性研究方法具有更大的优势.频谱成像技术的核心模块是信号的时频分析,本文回顾了频谱成像技术的基本概念和目前在频谱成像中广泛应用的时频分析方法,简单介绍了几种新的时频分析方法:广义S变换和改进的匹配追踪算法.

Frequency-spectrum imaging technique based on frequency-spectrum decomposition is a special interpretation tool to reservoir characterizing, and is the key method in seismic attribute analysis. This technique has high resolution in space horizontal and is a tool in high resolution imaging and characterizing time depth of layers in reservoir with multi-scale information of 3-D seismic data. This technique has some advantages over some traditional methods of seismic attributes on defining the field of reservoir and computing layer depth, for example, the changes in time depth of layers are identified from the amplitude spectrum of seismic data and we can detect geological body with horizontal un-continue. Time-frequency analysis is the important method to this technique. The basic information about frequency-spectrum imaging and popular method in time-frequency analysis in present are firstly listed. Then, some new time-frequency analysis methods are simply introduced, such as generalized S transformation and modified matching pursuit.