珠江上游尖山河小流域土地利用调查与评价

Investigation and Assessment of Land Utilization Condition in a Small Watershed of the Upper Reaches of Pearl River

在RegionManager软件的支持下,对尖山河小流域水土流失综合治理前后的土地利用状况进行了调查。采用层次分析法和综合指数法,对两期的土地质量等级进行了评价。调查结果表明,小流域土地总面积1883.05 hm^2,治理后与治理前相比,乔木林、灌木林、果木林及梯田面积分别增加423.5,299.9,17.6和32.0 hm^2;疏幼林、坡耕地及荒山坡面积分别减少487.4,164.3和164.5 hm^2。新增了保土耕作和经济林两种土地利用类型,水田、水域、非生产用地及难利用地面积基本保持不变。评价结果显示,治理前尖山河小流域的土地等级主要为三等地和四等地,占流域总面积的67.20%;治理后主要为二等地和三等地,占总面积的71.37%。从总体上看,治理后比治理前提高了一个质量等级,治理效果显著。

Supported by the RegionManager software, the land utilization condition before and after comprehensive management in the Jianshanhe small watershed is investigated, and its land quality is assessed using the comprehensive index method and AHP. The result from the investigation shows that the areas of forestland, shrub land, fruit land, and terrace land are increased by 423.5, 299.9, 17.6 and 32.0 hm^2 , respectively. The areas of new open forestland, sloping farmland, and bare land are decreased by 487.4, 164.3 and 164.5 hm^2 , respectively. Conservation land and economic forest land are two new land types. Irrigated land, water-land, unutilized land and difficultly utilized land are balanced. The result of assessment indicates that the 3rd and 4th grade lands account for 67.20% of the whole area before restoration, while the 2nd and 3rd grade lands account for 71.37 % of the whole area after comprehensive management. In one word, the land quality rises one grade, and gets a remarkable effect after management.