人口流动、土地流转与新农村建设

Migration,Land Circulation and Construction of New Countryside

我国正处在有利的人口窗口内,在外向型经济的带动下,大量劳动力从农村流入沿海地区和城镇地区,既促进了城市化进程,也为新农村建设提供了新的契机。当前,应按照城市化不断推进和农村人口有序转移这样一个大的趋势和背景来规划、建设新农村,减少资源浪费,提高新农村建设的实效。通过将土地流转制度与户籍制度改革结合起来,促进土地逐步实现规模化经营,并建立起以常住人口为基础的地方公共财政体系,促进进入各级城镇的劳动力平稳地融入城镇公共管理体系之中,以此形成稳定的、可预期的制度安排,稳定地推进农村劳动力转移和城市化进程,保障新农村建设的健康推进。

In a favorable demographic window, driven by the export-oriented economy, a large number of rural laborers flow to the cities and coastal areas, which not only promotes the process of urbanization, but also provides an opportunity for the construction of new countryside. At present, the plan and construction of new countryside should be based on such a big trend and background that urbanization is being promoted continuously and rural population is being transferred orderly, so as to reduce the waste of resources and raise the effectiveness of new countryside construction. By combining the reforms of land circulation system and household registration system, large scale land management should be realized gradually, and a permanent population-based local public finance system should be established, facilitating laborers into cities of all levels to steadily join the urban public management system and forming a stable and predictable system. Thereby the transfer of rural labor and urbanization could be promoted stably, and the construetion of new countryside could be advanced healthily.