北京地区儿童颈椎生长发育的观察与骨龄测定

Observation of cervical vertebrae and estimation of their bone age

本研究探讨以颈椎Ｘ线侧位片代替手腕骨Ｘ线片判断骨龄的可行性。观察了北京市２８０名９～１５岁少年儿童颈椎生长发育的情况，受检者均为错患者。应用ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ１２．０计算机绘图软件对受检者的颈椎Ｘ线侧位片进行测量并与成人颈椎Ｘ线片作对比。结果表明，女性颈椎生长发育快速期为１２～１４岁，男性为１４～１５岁；颈椎椎体形态变化过程男女无差别，女性比男性早一年。对４２名女性儿童和２８名男性儿童作手腕骨与颈椎Ｘ线片的对比观察，发现姆指尺侧籽骨与枢椎底部凹陷的出现具有相关性，说明以颈椎Ｘ线侧位片判断生长发育快速期的开始是可能的。本研究提供的方法，对临床正畸治疗有参考价值。

There are two objectives in this study: the first is to estimate skeletal age by lateral cephalomatric roentgengram of cervical vertebrae instead of X ray of handwrist, the second is to study the rules of cervical vertebrae′s growth and development of children from Beijing. The Auto CAD 12.0 computer software was used in measuring lateral cephalomatric roentgengrams of cervical vertebrae of 280 children from Beijing aged 9～15. The shape of cervical vertebrae of children with that of adults on X ray films was compared, and the growth and development of cervical vertebrae of 9～15 years old children from Beijing was observerd. We found out that the rapid growth period of cervical vertebrae was 12～14 years old for girls and 14～15 years old for boys. During puberty, the change of vertebrae′s shape has no difference between male and female. 42 female and 28 male teenagers from the 280 aged 9～13 years old were taken X ray films of left handwrist. The comparison between the films and roentgengrams shows that the appearance of sesamoid of hand and the concavity of the second vertebrae body is at the same time, which means that the beginning of rapid growth period can be estimated by the lateral cephalometric roentgengrams of cervical vertebrae.