广州市职业卫生工作现状及对策探讨

Current Situation of Occupational Health Service and Strategy on Improvement in Guangzhou City

目的探讨我市职业卫生工作现状、存在的问题及解决方法。方法针对目前我市职业卫生工作中存在的问题加以分析,找出问题产生的原因,结合有关职业卫生法律法规和我市的实际情况,提出解决对策。结果我市职业卫生工作存在的主要问题有:部分地方政府将职业病防治与经济发展对立,部分基层领导和企业法人法律意识淡薄;职业病防治网络不健全,镇一级无相应的机构和专业人员;政府经费投入和专业人员不够;工人特别是外来工职业健康教育和健康促进工作覆盖面低。结论建议政府要加大投入,有针对性地对各级政府官员、企业法人、职管人员和高危人群特别是外来工开展不同层面而有实效的职业病防治法普法教育和职业健康教育;建立健全"三级"(市、区、镇)职业病防治网络,将职业卫生工作的重心下移到镇级。

Objective To realize the present situation and existence problem of occupational health service and discuss on the strategy on improvement of such work in Guangzhou City. Methods The major problems in the area of occupational health service were identified, the potential causes were analyzed and the measures on improvement were presented based on the actual situation in Guangzhou and national regulations on occupational health. Results The major problems in occupational health service included： some local governments thought that paying more attention to occupational health does not benefit the economic development; some rooted-level leaders and owners of enterprises did not have any idea on observation of occupational health law and related regulations; there were not enough professionals in the towns and some of them were not well qualified; the governments did not invest enough budget on occupational health service and the service networks were not well organized; the work on health education and health promotion in the workplaces, particular among immigrant workers from remote countryside, were not done well. Conclusion It is suggested that the government must increase the budget on occupational health service; the governor, the owner, the professionals and the workers with high risk should be educated and trained individualized; the three-level network （city, district and town） on occupational health service should be perfected and main work should be finished at town-level.