152例煤工尘肺患者的死因分析

Analysis of Death Cause of 152 Cases with Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis

目的探讨煤工尘肺患者死因特征。方法回顾性调查某煤矿152例煤工尘肺患者的死因情况。结果煤工尘肺全死因前3位为肺心病(36.18%)、肺结核(21.05%)和肺癌(11.84%)。煤工尘肺患者和肺心病的病死率随着期别的增加而显著升高(P<0.001或P<0.05)。<60岁煤工尘肺患者的病死率和肺心病的病死率明显低于>60岁者(P<0.001),<60岁肺结核病的病死率明显高于>60岁者(P<0.001)。结论煤工尘肺主要死因为肺心病、肺结核和肺癌。煤工尘肺患者的死因与尘肺期别、年龄有关。煤工尘肺防治重点应放在治疗和预防肺心病与肺结核上。

Objective To study the death cause of the patients suffering from coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis （CWP）. Methods The death cause of 152 patients with CWP in a coal mine were collected retrospectively and analyzed. Results The main proportional mortality was pneumocardial disease （36.18%）, pulmonary tuberculosis （21.05%） and lung cancer （11.84%）. The total mortality rate and pneumoeardial disease mortality rate of the CWP patients increased remarkably with the worse of CWP severity （P〈0.001 or P〈0.05）. The patients aged above 60 years old had a higher total mortality rates and neumocardial disease mortality rate than patients under 60 years old, however the mortality rate of tuberculosis altered contrarily. Conclusion The main death causes of patients with CWP were pneumocardial disease, tuberculosis and lung carcinoma, which depended on the CWP pathologic progress and and the patient＇s age. The pneumocardial disease and tuberculosis should be prevented among patients with CWP and treated rightly if they suffer with.