退耕还林(草)工程对西部生态环境的影响分析

Effect of Farmland Conversion to Forests and Grassland on Ecological Environment

生态环境的恢复与建设是我国西部大开发的首要任务,在保护生态、改善环境、发展经济、建设和谐社会进程中,特别要重视退耕还林(草)对保护西部生态环境的作用。从森林资源退化、草场质量下降、水土流失严重、沙(石)漠化面积扩大、水旱灾害加重、生物多样性降低、水资源分布不均的现状,分析了西部地区生态环境,研究了西部国土安全问题,探讨了几年来退耕还林(草)的效果。

The restoration and construction of the environment is the primary task in the western development in China. In ecological protection, environment improvement, economic development and building a harmonious society, special attention should be paid to the role of farmland conversion to forest （grassland） in west China. Based on the analysis of degradation of forest and pasture resources, serious soil erosion, expansion of desertification area, increasing flooding and droughts, decrease in biodiversity, and uneven distribution of the water resources, a thorough exploration of the ecological environment in the western region was made, with some discussion on the homeland security in the west region and the effect of farmland conversion to forest （grassland） project.