1Watson K, Rinomhota S. Preoperative fasting: We need a new consensus[J]. Nursing Times, 2002, 98(15): 36.
2Smith A F, Vallance H, Slater R M. Shorter preoperative fluid fasts reduce postoperative emesis[J]. BMJ, 1997, 314 (7092): 1486.
3Soop M, Nygren J, Myrenfors P, et al. Preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment attenuates immediate postoperative insulin resistance[J]. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 2001, 280(4). E576.
4Soop M, Carlton G L, Hopkinson J, et al. Randomized clinical trial of the effects of immediate enteral nutrition on metabolic responses to major colorectal surgery in an enhanced recovery protocol[J]. Br J Surg, 2004, 91(9) : 1138.