试论云南黑井盐业的兴衰

A Preliminary Study of the Ups and Downs of the Salt Industry at Heijing Town of Yunnan

云南黑井盐业在明清时期为云南赋税大户,明代、清中期和清末民初,黑井盐税分别占云南总赋税的67%、50%和46%,为云南社会经济发展作出了巨大贡献,后因薪本昂贵、环境破坏等原因而衰落。黑井盐业的兴衰,是云南经济发展史和盐业史研究的重要课题之一。

Heijing Town where salt was produced in the Ming and the Qing dynasty was the biggest tax-paper in Yunnan Province, accounting 67% of the total taxation in the Ming dynasty, 50% in the middle period of the Qing dynasty and 46% in the late period of the Qing dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China, a great contribution to the social and economic development of Yunnan. Its decline was caused by high costs of fuel and payment and the environmental deterioration. The ups and downs of the salt industry of Heijing Town can shed much light on the study of economic development and the history of salt industry of Yunnan.