中西医住院部医生的职业压力与心理健康

Occupational Stress and Psychological Health between Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Doctors in China

目的:了解住院部医生的压力感受和应对方式情况,探讨中西医住院部医生的压力知觉和身心健康方面的差异。方法:用职业压力量表(OSI)、一般健康状况量表(GHQ)和情绪商数量表(EQ),经过客观工作量和人口学资料的匹配,比较住院部73名中医医生和86名西医医生的身心健康情况及情境适应能力。结果:中医医生在工作满意、心理健康、压力感受和压力应对方面都好于西医医生(55.9±4.3/ 44.5±3.2,33.3±2.1/43.7±3.5,164.9±12.3/148.9±11.5,56.1±4.2/40.4±3.5,P=0.001、0.004、0.006、0.001),中医医生的EQ得分高于西医医生(100.3±9.4/78.7±6.5,P=0.002)。GHQ得分低于西医医生(58.2±5.1/82.7±6.3,P=0.000);压力感受、压力应对和工作满意度均与GHQ呈负相关并达到统计学显著性(r=-0.48、-0.58、-0.48,均P<0.01)。结论:中医的职业压力小于西医,一般健康状况也好于西医。

Objective： This investigation intends to understand the stress and coping of in-patient department doctors, as well as discuss the discrepancy of stress and psychological health between doctors from two distinct medical backgrounds, namely, Western Medicine （ WM ） and Traditional Chinese Medicine （ TCM ） . Method： In this study, Occupational Stress Index （ OSI ）, General Health Questionnaire （ GHQ-28 ） and Emotional Quota Inventory （ EQ ） were adopted to compare the mental condition and capability of adjustment of 86 WM and 73 TCM doctors working in in-patient department. Results： Data analysis revealed that TCM doctors, in terms of job satisfaction, general psychological health , stress and coping were much more favorable than WM doctors （55.9 ±4. 3/44.5 ±3.2 ; 33.3±2. 1/ 43.7±3.5; 164.9±12.3/148.9±11.5; 56.1±4.2/40.4±3.5, P=0.001, 0.004, 0.006, 0.0011 . Additionally, the EQ of TCM doctors was higher than that of WM doctors 1100. 3 ±9.4/78.7 ±6.5, P =0. 002） , and the GHQ of TCM doctors is also higher than that of WM doctors （58. 2 ± 5.1/82. 7 ± 6. 3, P 〈0. 001 ） . Moreover, stress, coping and job satisfaction were significantly negatively correlated with GHQ （r = -0. 48, -0.58, -0. 48, P 〈0.01 ） . Conclusion： The TCM doctors have less job stress and better mental condition.