宠物与儿童社会情绪的关系

Pet Ownership and Socio-emotion of School Children

目的：研究宠物对儿童社会情绪的影响。方法：用自编问卷对197名养宠物犬的儿童及其家长和205名不养宠物的儿童及其家长进行调查。结果：养宠物犬的儿童与不养宠物的儿童在社会情绪三个指标上的差异有统计学显著性：相比不养宠物的儿童，养宠物犬的儿童孤独感更少（x^2=39．15，P〈0．001），其报告单独在家感到孤独的占12．0％，不感到孤独的占80．2％，而不养宠物的儿童分别为38．7％、52．2％；养宠物犬的儿童分享倾向更强（x^2=8．20，P=0．017），其报告非常愿意和他人分享的占82．2％，只和喜欢的人分享的占14．7％，不愿意分享的占3．1％，而不养宠物的儿童分别为72．8％、25．7％、1．5％；养宠物犬的儿童更愿意照顾幼小儿童（x^2=25．88，P〈0．001），其报告非常愿意照顾他人的占40．1％，愿意的占49．7％，不愿意的占10．2％，而不养宠物的儿童分别为23．7％、47．4％、28．9％。此外，儿童与宠物亲密程度的诸多指标与分享倾向及照顾幼小儿童倾向正相关（r=0．17—0．35，P〈0．05或P〈0．01或P〈0．001）。与孤单感倾向负相关（r=-0．20--0．23，P均〈0．01）。结论：宠物与儿童社会情绪的发展之间存在某种联系，值得重视，应进行更深入的研究。

Objective： To study the relationship between pet ownership and socio-emotion of school children. Methods： This research used the method of questionnaires to investigate the relationship between pet ownership and socio-emotional of School Children. 197 children pet owners and their parents, and 205 children non-pet own ers and their parents were involved in this study. Results： Significant differences were found on the three index of socio-emotion between children pet owners and non-pet owners： pet owners had less sense of loneliness （ felt no loneliness at home： 80. 2% vs. 52. 2%, x^2 =39. 15, P 〈0. 001 ）, much more will to share （82. 2% vs. 72. 8%, x^2 = 8.20, P=0.017） and take care of others （40. 1% vs. 23.7% , x^2 =25.88, P〈0.001） . In addition, there is positive relation between pet intimation and willingness to share and take care of others { r = 0. 17 - 0. 35, P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）, and negative relation between pet intimation and sense of loneliness （ r = - 0. 20 - - 0. 23, P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusion： There is some relation between pet and socio-emotion of school children.