温度和湿度对北京地区B型烟粉虱个体发育和种群繁殖的影响

Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Development and Reproduction of Bemisia tabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) Biotype B

研究了不同温度、湿度条件对北方地区B型烟粉虱在黄瓜（北京202）上的生长发育、存活和繁殖的影响。18℃时，烟粉虱从卵到成虫羽化需要33．6d，而在33℃时仅需14，4d。烟粉虱发育的适宜温度为27～33℃，其总的存活率以27℃时最高，低温和高温对烟粉虱的发育和存活均有抑制作用；成虫的寿命随温度的升高而缩短，从18℃时的41．3d降低到36℃时的10．4d，产卵量亦随之减少。烟粉虱卵及各龄期若虫在75％相对湿度下存活率最高，总存活率达到77．8％。在27℃，相对湿度为55％，75％和95％条件下，烟粉虱成虫平均寿命分别为27．5，31．2和15．7d，单雌产卵量分别达到264．3粒，220．0粒和110．4粒。

The development, longevity, fecundity and survivorship of Bemisia tabaci biotype B on Cucumis sativas L. （Beijing 202）at 7 constant temperatures （18,21,24,27,30,33 and 36℃） and 3 humidity （55% ,75% and 95% RH） were studied. It showed that the developmental periods had 33.6 d from egg to adult at 18℃, and decreased as temperature increased .At 33 ℃ it takes 14.4 d to complete the period. The optimal range of temperature for B. tabaci biotype B development was from 27 to 33℃. The total survivorship of egg and larva was highest at 27℃. Extremely low and high temperature delayed the development and survivorship. Longevity of adult was shortened as temperature increased, varied from 41.3 to 10.4 at the range of 18 - 36℃, while the same changes happened in the fecundity per female. The total survivorship of egg and larva was highest （77.8 % ） at 75 % RH. Longevity of adult was 27.5,31.2 and 15.7 d and fecundity was 264.3,220.0 and 110.4 per female at 55 %, 75 % and 95 % RH respectively.